The DRACO Door: Design, Test, and Integration of the Mechanism on the DART Spacecraft

The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission is NASA's first planetary defense mission to demonstrate the viability of kinetically impacting an asteroid and deflecting its trajectory. The DART spacecraft successfully launched on November 24, 2021 from the Vandenberg Space Force Base and successfully made impact on Dimorphos, the smaller asteroid in the Didymos system, on September 26, 2022. The DART spacecraft has one instrument called Didymos Reconnaissance and Asteroid Camera for Optical navigation (DRACO). DRACO is an imaging telescope that, in conjunction with the SMART Navigation algorithm, autonomously guided the DART spacecraft to the asteroid. Because DRACO is a mission critical and light sensitive instrument, the DRACO Door mechanism was designed as the protective cover. The door functions to shield DRACO from stray light during launch, to deploy in space once when commanded, and to stay 180 degrees open for the duration of the mission. The DRACO Door went through several iterations during the design phase with decisions on various components such as Frangibolts ®, torsion springs, hardstops, and latches. After fabrication and assembly, the door went through a rigorous environmental testing plan, which included deployment testing, vibration testing, and thermal vacuum testing. After successful qualification of the mechanism, the door was installed and integrated into the DART spacecraft. It should be noted that during the fabrication of the mechanism piece-parts, the COVID-19 pandemic began, and the effects of the pandemic were seen in the challenges faced during the DRACO door assembly and testing. Under the constraints of the pandemic, the DART spacecraft was successfully built, tested, and launched, and the DRACO door was successfully deployed on December 7, 2021. The door has continued to function as intended. This paper will discuss the design choices behind the door components, the environmental qualification test program, and the installation of the door onto the DART spacecraft. In addition, this paper will discuss the lessons learned and the challenges of fabricating and testing the flight hardware. © 2023 IEEE.

Initiating Home Parenteral Nutrition Therapy in a Patient at High Risk of Refeeding Syndrome After COVID-19 Infection

Background: An emerging finding about COVID-19 is its effect on nutrition and weight loss. The COVID-19 symptoms of fatigue, altered taste or smell, and lack of appetite are well known. But COVID-19 may have a more profound effect on clinical nutrition status. Two recent studies have identified that approximately one-third of ambulatory COVID-19 patients are at risk of experiencing weight loss >= 5% (Anker, et al;di Filippo, et al). The case study presented here discusses home start total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in a patient recently diagnosed with COVID-19 at high risk for refeeding syndrome. Method(s): N/A Results: Case Study: A 92-year-old patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 on June 8, 2022. Over the next week, she was hospitalized twice to manage symptoms of acute mental status changes, lethargy, aphasia, hypotension, and loss of appetite. The patient received nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, remdesivir, and bebtelovimab to treat COVID-19 at different times between June 9, 2022, and June 18, 2022. She remained COVID positive and continued to deteriorate clinically. On June 20, 2022, the patient began receiving 24/7 homecare, including intravenous (IV) fluids of dextrose 5% in normal saline (D5NS) 1000 mL daily for three days. She continued to experience loss of appetite and had no bowel movement for 3 days. On June 23, 2022, she was referred to this specialty infusion provider to initiate TPN therapy in the home setting. The patient's BMI was 18.2 kg/m2. Lab results revealed potassium 3.0 mmol/L, phosphate 1.6 mg/dL, and magnesium 1.6 mg/dL. High risk of refeeding syndrome was identified by the level of hypophosphatemia and hypokalemia. The specialty infusion provider's registered dietitian recommended to discontinue D5NS and begin NS with added potassium, phosphate, and magnesium. Thiamine 200mg daily was added to prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy. The patient's clinical status and lab values were monitored closely each day until her electrolyte levels stabilized (Table 1). Home TPN therapy was initiated on June 28, 2022, with <10% dextrose and 50% calorie requirement with 85% protein and 1.0 g/kg lipids. Three-day calorie count and nutrition education were performed four days post TPN initiation. Oral intake met only 25% of estimated needs. Over several days, theTPN formula was gradually increased to goal calories and the infusion cycle was slowly decreased. The following week, the patient's oral intake improved to 60%-75% of estimated needs. Her constipation resolved, and she showed improvement in functional status and mobility. Her appetite drastically improved when the TPN was cycled. Another three-day calorie count was performed when TPN calories reached goals. Oral intake demonstrated 100% estimated calorie and protein needs. TPN therapy was ultimately discontinued on July 14, 2022. As of September 30, 2022, the patient has stabilized at her pre-COVID weight of 45 kg with full recovery of appetite, function, and cognition. Discussion(s): The ASPEN Consensus Recommendations for Refeeding Syndrome (da Silva, et al) describe the repletion of electrolyte levels before introducing calories to prevent end-organ damage associated with refeeding syndrome (respiratory muscle dysfunction, decreased cardiac contractility, cardiac arrhythmias, and encephalopathy). Conclusion(s): This case study highlights the successful initiation of home TPN therapy in a patient at high risk of refeeding syndrome post COVID-19 infection. Although home start TPN and the risk of refeeding syndrome are not new concepts, they must be considered in the setting of COVID-19. Given the effects COVID-19 has on taste, smell, and appetite and the recent finding that one-third of patients with COVID infection may experience weight loss of >= 5%, nutrition support and patient education are vital components of overall patient care. (Figure Presented).

From Yellow Peril to Model Minority and Back to Yellow Peril

During the COVID-19 pandemic, some perceptions of Asian Americans in the United States shifted as anti-Asian hate crimes escalated. However, little is known about how these shifting views manifest in K-12 schools. This qualitative case study uses Asian critical race theory to examine how two Southeast Asian American students faced exclusion and erasure before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and how their Southeast Asian American teacher advocated for them at a public elementary school in the Pacific Northwest. Implications include how researchers can pursue inquiries about Asian American students' holistic development and how in-service and pre-service teachers can address anti-Asian xenophobia.

Network analysis of sleep quality and anxiety of first-line medical staff in epidemic prevention

Objective: To explore the network characteristics of sleep quality and anxiety in first-line medical staff fighting against COVID-19, further understand the relationship between sleep quality and anxiety, and provide basis for intervention. Methods: Using the convenient sampling method, this paper used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) to conduct a questionnaire survey on the front-line medical staff who fought against the epidemic during the CO VID-19. Network analysis was used to construct sleep quality and anxiety network, and R language was used for statistical analysis and visualization. Results ：In the network of sleep quality and anxiety of first-line medical staff fighting against COVID-19 ?”sleep disorder"and usleep quality”, uunfortunate premonition"and uinability to sit still”, "syncope" and "hand and foot tingling"were highly related. "Fatigue”, "dizziness" and "panic” had the highest expected influence. "Sleep quality", "sleep disorder" and "fatigue"had the highest bridge expected influence. The average predictability value of all nodes was 0.778. Conclusion: This paper used network analysis to explore the sleep quality and anxiety of first-line medical staff fighting against COVID-19 and found that there was a unique correlation path between them. Intervention against core symptoms can ameliorate anxiety and sleep problems to the great extent, and provide guidance for improving the physical and mental health. © 2023, Editorial department of Chinese Medical Ethics. All rights reserved.

SERS/photothermal-based dual-modal lateral flow immunoassays for sensitive and simultaneous antigen detection of respiratory viral infections

Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is one of the most common analytical platforms for point-of-care testing (POCT), which is capable of large-scale primary screening and home self-testing of infectious diseases. However, the sensitivity of conventional AuNPs-based LFIA is relatively low and more prone to false negatives. Herein, we report a novel LFIA based on gold-core-silver-shell bimetallic nanoparticles (Au4-ATP@Ag NPs) emitting Surface-enhanced Raman scatting (SERS) and Photothermal (PT) effect, named SERS/PT-based dual-modal LFIA (SERS/PT-dmLFIA), for the antigen detection of infectious diseases pathogens, which displayed an excellent performance. For influenza A virus (IAV), influenza B virus (IBV), and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) N protein detection, the limit of detections (LoD) with Raman as signal were 31.25, 93.75, and 31.25 pg mL-1 respectively, and the LoDs with temperature difference (∆T) as signal were as low as 15.63, 187.5, and 15.63 pg mL-1 respectively, which were over 4-fold more sensitive than visual-based LFIA. The proposed SERS/PT-dmLFIA was used for detecting virus antigen in pharyngeal swabs and showed ideal coincidence rate of over 95% compared to the commercialized assays. In addition, we explored the development of multiplex SERS/PT-dmLFIA that can detect IAV, IBV, and SARS-CoV-2 antigens simultaneously without cross reactivity. Overall, the SERS/PT-dmLFIA for antigen detection not only exhibits high sensitivity, accuracy and specificity, but also have characteristics of rapidity and simplicity, which holds high potential for rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases in laboratory testing, mass screening, and home self-testing. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

Impact of the COVID-19 on labour employment in rural China: Can information literacy mitigate the shock?

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, most work was done online, the role of information literacy in influencing rural labour employment is worth investigating. Using survey data from 3,225 rural labourers in China, this study builds Item Response Theory and Tobit models, and finds that the pandemic hinders rural labour employment;however, information literacy promotes it and can mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic. We provide evidence for the positive role of information literacy, and policymakers should consider improving the information literacy of the rural labourers. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Network analysis of sleep quality and anxiety of first-line medical staff in epidemic prevention

Objective: To explore the network characteristics of sleep quality and anxiety in first-line medical staff fighting against COVID-19, further understand the relationship between sleep quality and anxiety, and provide basis for intervention. Methods: Using the convenient sampling method, this paper used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) to conduct a questionnaire survey on the front-line medical staff who fought against the epidemic during the CO VID-19. Network analysis was used to construct sleep quality and anxiety network, and R language was used for statistical analysis and visualization. Results ：In the network of sleep quality and anxiety of first-line medical staff fighting against COVID-19 ?”sleep disorder"and usleep quality”, uunfortunate premonition"and uinability to sit still”, "syncope" and "hand and foot tingling"were highly related. "Fatigue”, "dizziness" and "panic” had the highest expected influence. "Sleep quality", "sleep disorder" and "fatigue"had the highest bridge expected influence. The average predictability value of all nodes was 0.778. Conclusion: This paper used network analysis to explore the sleep quality and anxiety of first-line medical staff fighting against COVID-19 and found that there was a unique correlation path between them. Intervention against core symptoms can ameliorate anxiety and sleep problems to the great extent, and provide guidance for improving the physical and mental health. © 2023, Editorial department of Chinese Medical Ethics. All rights reserved.

The "Janus-like" RNA-editing machinery in innate antiviral immunity

Our innate immune systems are evolved to provide the first line of immune defense against microbial infections. A key effector component is the adenosine deaminase acting on the RNA-1 (ADAR-1)/ interferon (IFN) pathway of the innate cytoplasmic immunity that mounts rapid responses to many viral pathogens. As an RNA-editing enzyme, ADAR-1 targets viral RNA intermediates in the cytoplasmic compartment to interfere with the infection. However, ADAR-1 may also edit characteristic RNA structures of certain host genes, notably, the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2C (5HT2CR). Dysfunction of 5-HT2CR has been linked to the pathology of several human mental conditions, such as Schizophrenia, anxiety, bipolar disorder, major depression, and the mental illnesses of substance use disorders (SUD). Thus, the ADAR-1mediated RNA editing may be either beneficial or harmful;these effects need to be tightly modulated to sustain innate antiviral immunity while restricting undesired off-target self-reactivity. In this communication, we discuss ideas and tools to identify the orphan drug candidates, including small molecules and biologics that may serve as effective modulators of the ADAR-1/IFN innate immunity and are thereby promising for use in treating or preventing SUD-and/or viral infection-associated mental illnesses.Copyright © 2023, Research Trends (P) LTD.. All rights reserved.

Optimal Bond Percolation in Networks by a Fast-Decycling Framework

Keeping a physical distance and creating social bubbles are popular measures that have been implemented to prevent infection and slow transmission of COVID-19. Such measures aim to reduce the risk of infection by decreasing the interactions among social networks. This, theoretically, corresponds to the optimal bond percolation (OBP) problem in networks, which is the problem of finding the minimum set of edges whose removal or deactivation from a network would dismantle it into isolated sub-components at most size C. To solve the OBP problem, we proposed a fast-decycling framework composed of three stages: (1) recursively removes influential edges from the 2-core of the network, (2) breaks large trees, and (3) reinserts the unnecessarily removed edges through an explosive percolation process. The proposed approaches perform better than existing OBP algorithms on real-world networks. Our results shed light on the faster design of a more practical social distancing and social bubble policy. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

A privacy-preserving blockchain-based tracing model for virus-infected people in cloud

The outbreak of COVID-19 has exposed the privacy of positive patients to the public, which will lead to violations of users' rights and even threaten their lives. A privacy-preserving scheme involving virus-infected positive patients is proposed by us. The traditional ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) has the features of enhanced plaintext security and fine-grained access control. However, the encryption process requires the high computational performance of the device, which puts a high strain on resource-limited devices. After semi-honest users successfully decrypt the data, they will get the real private data, which will cause serious privacy leakage problems. Traditional cloud-based data management architectures are extremely vulnerable in the face of various cyberattacks. To address the above challenges, a verifiable ABE scheme based on blockchain and local differential privacy is proposed, using LDP to perturb the original data locally to a certain extent to resist collusion attacks, outsourcing encryption and decryption to corresponding service providers to reduce the pressure on mobile terminals, and deploying smart contracts in combination with blockchain for fair execution by all parties to solve the problem of returning wrong search results in a semi-honest cloud server. Detailed security proofs are performed through the defined security goals, which shows that the proposed scheme is indeed privacy-protective. The experimental results show that the scheme is optimized in terms of data accuracy, computational overhead, storage performance, and fairness. In terms of efficiency, it greatly reduces the local load, enhances personal privacy protection, and has high practicality as well as reliability. As far as we know, it is the first case of applying the combination of LDP technology and blockchain to a tracing system, which not only mitigates poisoning attacks on user data, but also improves the accuracy of the data, thus making it easier to identify infected contacts and making a useful contribution to health prevention and control efforts. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Knowledge integration for resilience among multinational SMEs amid the COVID-19: from the view of global digital platforms

Purpose: Multinational small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly participating in cross-border digital platforms – especially amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, knowledge integration (KI) has become more and more important. In fact, it has been deemed by many as the key to organizational resilience. Given this burgeoning phenomenon, this study aims to explore a path for improving the resilience of multinational SMEs. Through this process, this study also finds a relationship between the KI processes associated with adopting global digital platforms and the resiliency of local–global businesses. Hence, in part, this paper also explores the effectiveness of all these mechanisms. Design/methodology/approach: This study used the stepwise regression method in Stata 16.0 to analyze the direct effects of both horizontal and vertical KI processes on the resilience of local–global businesses. Additionally, t-tests were also used to compare the differences in coefficients between the mechanisms. The sample analyzed comprised data on multinational manufacturing SMEs in the Yangtze River Delta region of China who are using global digital platforms. Findings: The KI processes of these firms, both horizontal and vertical, positively correlate to resilience. Horizontal KI processes more efficiently increase the resilience of global businesses, whereas vertical processes more efficiently increase the resilience of local businesses. Originality/value: First, this study provides insights into how multinational SMEs can improve their resilience in a crisis. In addition to adding to the knowledge of KI processes, this expands the KM literature on pandemics. Second, by creating two KI processes based on global digital platforms and discussing their influence on resilience, this research deepens the understanding of affordance in the KM literature. Third, focusing on the KI research stream, the results shed light on how KI processes might occur and how firms develop their KI processes. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

CAPRL Scoring System for Prediction of 30-day Mortality in 949 Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China: A Retrospective, Observational Study

Background:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious and even lethal respiratory illness. The mortality of critically ill patients with COVID-19, especially short term mortality, is considerable. It is crucial and urgent to develop risk models that can predict the mortality risks of patients with COVID-19 at an early stage, which is helpful to guide clinicians in making appropriate decisions and optimizing the allocation of hospital resoureces.Methods:In this retrospective observational study, we enrolled 949 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Tongji Hospital in Wuhan between January 28 and February 12, 2020. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval for assessing the risk factors for 30-day mortality.Results:The 30-day mortality was 11.8% (112 of 949 patients). Forty-nine point nine percent (474) patients had one or more comorbidities, with hypertension being the most common (359 [37.8%] patients), followed by diabetes (169 [17.8%] patients) and coronary heart disease (89 [9.4%] patients). Age above 50 years, respiratory rate above 30 beats per minute, white blood cell count of more than10 × 109/L, neutrophil count of more than 7 × 109/L, lymphocyte count of less than 0.8 × 109/L, platelet count of less than 100 × 109/L, lactate dehydrogenase of more than 400 U/L and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein of more than 50 mg/L were independent risk factors associated with 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19. A predictive CAPRL score was proposed integrating independent risk factors. The 30-day mortality were 0% (0 of 156), 1.8% (8 of 434), 12.9% (26 of 201), 43.0% (55 of 128), and 76.7% (23 of 30) for patients with 0, 1, 2, 3, ≥4 points, respectively.Conclusions:We designed an easy-to-use clinically predictive tool for assessing 30-day mortality risk of COVID-19. It can accurately stratify hospitalized patients with COVID-19 into relevant risk categories and could provide guidance to make further clinical decisions. © 2021 The Chinese Medical Association, Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

Knowledge integration for resilience among multinational SMEs amid the COVID-19: from the view of global digital platforms

PurposeMultinational small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly participating in cross-border digital platforms - especially amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, knowledge integration (KI) has become more and more important. In fact, it has been deemed by many as the key to organizational resilience. Given this burgeoning phenomenon, this study aims to explore a path for improving the resilience of multinational SMEs. Through this process, this study also finds a relationship between the KI processes associated with adopting global digital platforms and the resiliency of local-global businesses. Hence, in part, this paper also explores the effectiveness of all these mechanisms. Design/methodology/approachThis study used the stepwise regression method in Stata 16.0 to analyze the direct effects of both horizontal and vertical KI processes on the resilience of local-global businesses. Additionally, t-tests were also used to compare the differences in coefficients between the mechanisms. The sample analyzed comprised data on multinational manufacturing SMEs in the Yangtze River Delta region of China who are using global digital platforms. FindingsThe KI processes of these firms, both horizontal and vertical, positively correlate to resilience. Horizontal KI processes more efficiently increase the resilience of global businesses, whereas vertical processes more efficiently increase the resilience of local businesses. Originality/valueFirst, this study provides insights into how multinational SMEs can improve their resilience in a crisis. In addition to adding to the knowledge of KI processes, this expands the KM literature on pandemics. Second, by creating two KI processes based on global digital platforms and discussing their influence on resilience, this research deepens the understanding of affordance in the KM literature. Third, focusing on the KI research stream, the results shed light on how KI processes might occur and how firms develop their KI processes.

Nivolumab (NIVO) + chemotherapy (chemo) vs chemo in patients (pts) with EGFR-mutated metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) with disease progression after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in CheckMate 722

Background: Treatment (tx) options are limited for pts with EGFR-mutated (mut) mNSCLC who experience disease progression following EGFR TKIs. CheckMate 722 (NCT02864251) is a randomized, open-label, phase 3 study of NIVO + chemo vs chemo in pts with EGFR-mut mNSCLC after progression on EGFR TKIs. Method(s): Pts with EGFR-mut mNSCLC (including uncommon mutations) with disease progression on 1 or 2 prior lines of EGFR TKI tx (including 1st or 2nd generation TKI for those with no T790M mutation and/or osimertinib regardless of T790M mutation) were stratified by tumor PD-L1, presence of brain metastases, smoking history, and prior osimertinib. Pts were randomized 1:1 to receive NIVO 360 mg Q3W + chemo (platinum + pemetrexed) Q3W or chemo for <= 4 cycles;pts without progression received NIVO + pemetrexed or pemetrexed, respectively, until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or <= 2 y for NIVO. Primary endpoint: PFS. Secondary endpoints: OS, ORR, DOR, and 9- and 12-mo PFS rates. Result(s): In all, 294 pts were randomized;baseline characteristics were well balanced between treatment arms. At final analysis (minimum follow-up: 18.2 mo), there was no statistically significant improvement in PFS with NIVO + chemo vs chemo (HR [95% CI]: 0.75 [0.56-1.00];P = 0.053). No difference in PFS was seen between treatment arms across most subgroups except in pts with sensitizing EGFR mutations (n = 269) and 1 prior line of EGFR TKI tx (n = 248);HR (95% CI) was 0.72 (0.54-0.97) for both. Other efficacy results are presented (Table). Grade 3-4 treatment-related AEs occurred in 45% (NIVO + chemo) vs 29% (chemo) of pts. [Formula presented] Conclusion(s): NIVO + chemo did not show statistically significant improvement in PFS in pts with EGFR-mut mNSCLC after progression on EGFR TKIs;however, a trend of benefit was seen in pts with sensitizing EGFR mutations and in those with 1 prior line of EGFR TKI tx. No new safety signals were identified. Clinical trial identification: NCT02864251. Editorial acknowledgement: All authors contributed to and approved the ;writing and editorial assistance were provided by Thai Cao, MS, of Envision Pharma Group, funded by Bristol Myers Squibb. Legal entity responsible for the study: Bristol Myers Squibb (Princeton, NJ). Funding(s): Bristol Myers Squibb (Princeton, NJ) and Ono Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Disclosure: T.S.K. Mok: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: AbbVie, ACEA Pharma, Alpha Biopharma, Amgen, Amoy Diagnostics, BeiGene, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Daiichi Sankyo, Fishawack Facilitate, InMed Medical Communication, Lunit USA, Inc., Merck Serono, MSD, Roche, MD Health, Medscape/WebMD, PeerVoice, Permanyer SL, Prime Oncology, Research to Practice, Touch Medical Media, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda, PER, Daz Group, Janssen Pharmaceutical NV, Jiahui Holdings Co., LiangYiHui Healthcare, Lucence Health Inc., Merck Pharmaceuticals HK Ltd, MiRXES, Novartis, OrigiMed Co. Ltd., Pfizer, Shanghai BeBirds Translation & Consulting Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, AstraZeneca;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AbbVie, ACEA Pharma, Alpha Biopharma, Amgen, Amoy Diagnostics, BeiGene, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Blueprint Medicines, Berry Oncology, CStone Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, Fishawack Facilitate, Eisai, Gritstone Oncology, Guardant Health, G1 Therapeutics, Hengrui, Ignyta, IQVIA, Incyte Corporation, Inivata, Janssen, Loxo Oncology, Qiming Dev., Lunit USA, Inc., Merck Serono, MSD, Roche, Mirati Therapeutics, MoreHealth, Novartis, OrigiMed, Puma Tech., Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda, Virtus Medical, Yuhan, Curio Science, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Covidien LP, C4 Therapeutics, Cirina Ltd., Da Volterrra, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd / Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Lucence Health Inc., Medscape LLC / WebMD, MiRXES, OSE Immunotherapeutics, Pfizer, SFJ Pharmaceutical Ltd., Synergy Research, Tigermed, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Berry Oncology, D3 Bio Ltd., Lakeshore Biotech;Financial In erests, Personal, Invited Speaker, Former known as Hutchison Chi-Med: HutchMed;Financial Interests, Personal, Officer, Chairman: ACT Genomics-Sanomics Group;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Sanomics Ltd., Biolidics Ltd., Aurora Tele-Oncology, AstraZeneca;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares, Former known as Hutchison Chi-Med: HutchMed;Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding, For clinical trials performed at CUHK: AstraZeneca, BMS, Merck Serono, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, SFJ Pharmaceuticals, XCovery, Takeda, G1 Therapeutics, Clovis Oncology;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: geneDecode;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Invited Speaker: AstraZeneca, Aurora Tele-Oncology, Lunit USA, Inc., Sanomics Ltd.;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role, Term ended on 30 June 2022: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO);Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role: Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group (ATORG), Chinese Lung Cancer Research Foundation Limited (CLCRF), Hong Kong Cancer Fund (HKCF), Hong Kong Cancer Therapy Society (HKCTS), St. Stephen's College & Prep. School (Hong Kong);Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role, Term ended: Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO);Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role, Term ended on 30 April 2019: International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC). K. Nakagawa: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Amgen Inc., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., AstraZeneca K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., MSD K.K., Pfizer Japan Inc., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., CMIC ShiftZero K.K., Life Technologies Japan Ltd., Neo Communication, Merck Biopharma Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 3H Clinical Trial Inc., Care Net, Inc., Medical Review Co., Ltd., Medical Mobile Communications co., Ltd, YODOSHA CO., LTD., Nikkei Business Publications, Inc., Japan Clinical Research Operations, CMIC Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., TAIYO Pharma Co., Ltd.;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Ono Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K.;Financial Interests, Institutional, Other, patents sales fee: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: PAREXEL International Corp., PRA HEALTHSCIENCES, EPS Corporation., Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., EPS International Co.,Ltd,., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., MSD K.K., Ono Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., PPD-SNBL K.K, SymBio Pharmaceuticals Limited., IQVIA Services JAPAN K.K., SYNEOS HEALTH CLINICAL K.K., Nippon Kayaku Co.,Ltd., EP-CRSU Co., Ltd., Mebix, Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb K.K., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Eisai Co., Ltd., AstraZeneca K.K., Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Covance Japan Inc., Japan Clinical Research Operations, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Sanofi K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co.,Ltd., Sysmex Corporation, Medical Reserch Support, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Amgen Inc., Novartis Pharma K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., SRL, Inc. K. Park: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: JNJ, Astra Zeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, BMS, Takeda;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Boehringer Ingelheim;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, DMC member: BeiGene, Incyte;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Advisor/Consultant: Genius, IMBdx;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: AstraZeneca, MSD. Y. Ohe: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: AstraZeneca, Chugai, ONO, BMS, Eli Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, Takeda, MSD, Novartis;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca, BMS, Celltrion, Amgen, Nippon Kayaku, Takeda, Pfizer, ONO, Janssen, AnHeart Therapeutics Inc;Financial Interests, Institutional, Invited Speaker: AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Amgen;Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, Invited Speaker: Takeda, ONO;Non-Financ al Interests, Personal, Leadership Role: JSMO, JLCS, JCOG;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Member: ASCO. N. Girard: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: AstraZeneca, BMS, MSD, Roche, Pfizer, Mirati, Amgen, Novartis, Sanofi;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca, BMS, MSD, Roche, Pfizer, Janssen, Boehringer, Novartis, Sanofi, AbbVie, Amgen, Lilly, Grunenthal, Takeda, Owkin;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant, Local: Roche, Sivan, Janssen;Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: BMS;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Officer, International Thymic malignancy interest group, president: ITMIG;Other, Personal, Other, Family member is an employee: AstraZeneca. Y. Wu: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: AstraZeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Hengrui, Merk, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, Hengrui, Merk, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Yunhan, Eli Lilly;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca, MSD, Takeda;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role: Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group (CTONG);Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Other, WCLC 2020 Conference Chair: IASLC;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role, Past President: Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO). J.F. Gainor: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, Genentech/Roche, Takeda, Lilly, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Novartis, iTeos, Karyopharm, Silverback Therapeutics, GlydeBio, BeiGene;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares, Immediate family member is an employee. Note: Ironwood Pharmaceuticals is not involved in any oncology drug development. It is focused on gastroenterology.: Ironwood Pharmaceuticals;Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, InvitedSpeaker: Novartis;Financial Interests, Institutional, Invited Speaker: Genentech, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, AstraZeneca, Moderna, Jounce, Alexo. X. Zhang: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Bristol Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Bristol Myers Squibb. J. Sylvester: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Bristol Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Bristol Myers Squibb. S. Li: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Bristol Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Bristol Myers Squibb. J.C. Yang: Financial Interests, Institutional, Advisory Board: Astrazeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Amgen, Novartis, Bayer, GSK, Takeda Oncology, Puma Pharmaceuticals, Ono Pharmaceuticals, Merck Serono, MSD, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Roche/Genentech, Janssen;Financial Interests, Institutional, Invited Speaker: Astrazeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Astrazeneca, MSD, Ipsen, Takeda Oncology;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Yuhan Pharmaceuticals;Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Dizal Pharmaceutical, Novartis, Numab, Merck, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Bayer, Janssen;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role, Board of Director: IASLC;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Member: ASCO. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest. Copyright © 2022

Demo: VaxPass-A Scalable and Verifiable Platform for COVID-19 Records

COVID-19 has altered the landscape of medical record issuing and verification. Multiple challenges have arisen in this new era as individuals are now required to prove their health status for traveling, working, or simply eating at a restaurant. Record verification across country borders is particularly hard to achieve as it requires collaboration at an international level, sharing potentially sensitive medical data. In this work, we propose VaxPass, a scalable system for COVID-19 record issuing and verification that facilitates this collaboration with minimal data leakage. At the core of our design lies a 2-tier blockchain architecture that allows individual issuing authorities to maintain their own 1st-level blockchain and only upload a small digest of their records, periodically, on the 2nd-level. Crucially, a verifier can check the validity of a certificate without having access to the 1st-level blockchain where the records actually reside. Our system also includes a mobile application and a web client. As we demonstrate, its performance scales well with the number of participants, making this the first solution able to support real-life inspired needs for such a system, while maintaining confidentiality of the medical data solely to privy entities. © 2022 Owner/Author.

CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE CARING FOR ASIAN AMERICAN PRESERVICE TEACHERS: During and After COVID

Asian American preservice teachers and faculty are consistently underrepresented in US teacher education programs, and the return of anti-Asian xenophobia in the US during COVID-19 has further marginalized their sense of belonging in educational spaces and the larger society. This chapter reconceptualizes caring for Asian American preservice teachers based on the practices of a Chinese male immigrant teacher educator at a predominantly White institution during the pandemic. Drawing from structured reflections, the author examines his efforts to support students’ well-being, build a learning community, hold high expectations, and equip them with the knowledge and skills to address injustice. The author concludes by considering how all teacher educators can attend to Asian American preservice teachers’ personal well-being and academic engagement post-COVID by enacting culturally responsive caring. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Melanie Shoffner and Angela W. Webb;individual chapters, the contributors.

Lightweight Mask-Wearing Detection Algorithm with Multi-Scale Feature Fusion

Standardized usage of face masks is effective as a non-pharmaceutical intervention to prevent the spread of infectious respiratory diseases，such as COVID-19 and influenza. In the current epidemic situation，wearing face masks correctly is especially important. Most existing mask-wearing detection algorithms involve problems such as complex structures，high training difficulty，and insufficient feature extraction. Therefore，this study proposes a lightweight mask-wearing detection algorithm based on multi-scale feature fusion and the YOLOv4-Tiny network，called L-MFFN-YOLO. L-MFFN-YOLO improves on the original residual structure and uses a lightweight residual module to promote rapid convergence. Moreover，it reduces the computational load while ensuring detection accuracy. Based on the original network’s 13×13 and 26×26 feature maps，52×52 feature branches are added to enhance the ability of the lower feature layer to express information and reduce the false negative rate for small targets.On this basis，a Multi-level Cross Fusion （MCF） structure is used to maximally extract useful information so as to improve feature utilization. In addition to detecting mask-wearing，a category of masks worn incorrectly is added to the dataset and manually labeled. The www.eciexperimental results show that the size of the proposed L-MFFN-YOLO model is only 5.8 MB，which is 76% smaller than that of the original YOLOv4-Tiny. Moreover，the mean Average Precision（mAP）of the proposed approach is 5.25 percentage points higher，and its processing time is 14 ms faster on an equivalent CPU.These results demonstrate that the proposed approach can meet the requirements of accuracy and real-time operation in resource-constrained devices to detect faces wearing masks. © 2022, Editorial Office of Computer Engineering. All rights reserved.

The development and implementation of training mode for diabetes educators amid normalization stage of novel coronavirus pandemic prevention and control

Objective To develop an program for training diabetes educators amid normalization stage of novel coronavirus pandemic prevention and control, and provide reference for clinical teaching under special circumstances. Methods From January 2020 to June 2021, The head member of Diabetes Education and Management Committee of Hunan Health Management Association Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, developed and implemented a program based on core competencies of diabetes educators. It included 26 online courses, one to one education demonstration video with 7 themes, one diabetes conversation map and simulation, and three-week clinical practice. From April 2021 to June 2021, 55 health workers participated in the program. Theoretical tests, video feedback and questionnaires were used to evaluate the trainees′ diabetes knowledge, educational skills and satisfaction with the training program. Results A total of 55 health workers participated in the program. All the participants completed the online courses and passed the quizzes, the theoretical examination score was (92.93 ± 5.28). Fifty-four participants finished the tasks of clinical practice and obtained the certificate of diabetes educator. Their communication skills and strategies of behavior change were significantly improved (χ2 values were 4.17 - 26.34, all P＜0.05), and all of them were satisfied with the program. Conclusions The training mode based on online training is flexible, convenient and effective,which is suitable for stage of novel coronavirus pandemic prevention and control. © 2022 The authors.

Influence of Reporting Rate on Epidemic Control Based on SIXAR Model

How to balance the control efficiency of the epidemic and the economy is extremely important. This paper proposes a Susceptible-Infected-Isolated-Asymptomatic-Recovered (SIXAR, X represents isolated people) model, considering the asymptomatic and the isolated. We conduct an in-depth research on the reporting rate in the epidemic, and find the critical reporting rate to prevent the spread of the epidemic. The result proves that maintaining the reporting rate near a critical value can both ensure epidemic prevention and control and reduce economic consumption. It will provide a new idea for the government to formulate rational measures. © 2022 Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation.

Study on the Scavenging Effect of Steady-state Displacement Air Purification System on Indoor Bioaerosol

Many types of microorganisms, including SARS-CoV-2, can spread through aerosols. Indoor medical environments are abundant in bioaerosols, which can cause infections among medical staff members and patients in hospitals. Given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, using a steadystate displacement air purification system may reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and other microorganisms. In this study, we analyzed the purification effect of the steady-state displacement air purification system on bioaerosols in the bronchoscopy room of the hospital. In particular, bioaerosols were collected from the bronchoscopy room at different periods from April to May 2021. Among them, the microorganisms contained in the bioaerosol were identified using nextgeneration sequencing (NGS) and culture and strain identification. During the experiment, we took 5 sampling points to collect the bioaerosols. The total purification efficiency was 88.0% (NGS) and 87.5% (microbial culture count and identification). The results were significantly different between the purified and unpurified groups. In an occupant environment in the bronchoscopy room, the steady-state displacement air purification system exerted a favorable removal effect on the bioaerosols. Such purification efficiency may help prevent the in-hospital spread of COVID-19 and various infectious diseases.